Non-parametric particle swarm optimization for global optimization

- Proposing an improved PSO scheme called non-parametric particle swarm optimization (NP-PSO).
- Combining local and global topologies with two quadratic interpolation operations to increase the search ability in NP-PSO.
- Removing PSO parameters in the proposed method.
- Having the best performance of NP-PSO in solving various nonlinear functions compared with some well-known PSO algorithms.