Nitrous oxide emissions from grazing cattle urine patches: Bridging the gap between measurement and stakeholder requirements

a) Flux of N2O with time when parameters change with season during the milking season. Milking (grazing) starts on 14th of July continues for 48 days with the winter response parameters. On 1st of September, 1st January, 1st of March and 1st June the response parameters change to the values for Spring, Summer, Autumn and winter respectively. The milking season finishes on 20th June and urine patch generation is taken to cease as the cows are removed from the farm. The farm area, herd size and urination rate are given in Table 2. b) The flux if the seasonal response function parameters were used for the whole annual cycle.