Hydroxyaptite nanorods patterned ZrO2 bilayer coating on zirconium for the application of percutaneous implants

- HA nanorods nucleate from Ca- and P-doped ZrO2 and grow at the expense of Ca and P.
- HA nanorods increase the absorption of protein from complete medium.
- HA nanorods significantly enhance the adhesion and proliferation of fibroblasts.