Biosynthesis of lead nanoparticles by the aquatic water fern, Salvinia minima Baker, when exposed to high lead concentration

- The aquatic fern S. minima was exposed to aqueous solution of Pb(NO3)2 for 12 h.
- TEM analysis revealed Pb accumulation in cells of both roots and leaves.
- Analysis by EDS and HRTEM confirmed the formation of PbNPs by the plant.
- Two types of PbNPs were found in cells: quasi-spherical and elongated.
- S. minima has potential for biosynthesis of heavy metal nanostructures.