کد مقاله | کد نشریه | سال انتشار | مقاله انگلیسی | نسخه تمام متن |
---|---|---|---|---|
7001175 | 1454759 | 2018 | 24 صفحه PDF | دانلود رایگان |
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Vacuum annealed tin sulfide (SnS) thin films for solar cell applications
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کلمات کلیدی
موضوعات مرتبط
مهندسی و علوم پایه
مهندسی شیمی
شیمی کلوئیدی و سطحی
پیش نمایش صفحه اول مقاله
چکیده انگلیسی
Thin films of tin sulfide (SnS) were grown on a glass substrate at an optimum temperature of 300 °C by thermal evaporation technique. Following the deposition, films were vacuum annealed at different temperatures in the range of 100 to 300 °C for 2â¯h. The effect of annealing temperature (Ta) on the composition, surface morphology, microstructure, optical and electrical properties was investigated. Elemental analysis showed sulfur deficiency of annealed films and the Sn to S atomic percent ratio increased from 1.0 to 1.1. XRD analysis confirmed the orthorhombic crystal structure of the films with (111) preferred orientation and phase purity. Degree of preferred orientation decreased with increase in Ta and the diffraction peaks corresponding to other planes intensified. Increasing the Ta to 300 °C led to an increase in crystallite size to 129â¯nm. Results indicated presence of several crystallites in the grains of as-deposited films. AFM studies revealed the fragmentation of larger grain and the average grain size reduced form 265â¯nm for as-deposited films to 132.8â¯nm for the film annealed at 300 °C. An apparent shift in absorption edge towards longer wavelengths is observed for films annealed at Taâ¯>â¯200 °C. The optical constant such as optical band gap, extinction coefficient (k), absorption coefficient (α) and refractive index (n) have been evaluated. The optical band gap of SnS thin films varied marginally with the annealing temperature and remained in between 1.33-1.29â¯eV. The extinction coefficient of the film annealed at 300 °C was enhanced and is found to be 0.85 at 700â¯nm. At the annealing temperature of 300 °C, the SnS films had enhanced electrical properties: the electrical resistivity was 7.8 Ω cm, the p-type carrier concentration was up to 2.17â¯Ãâ¯1016 cmâ3, and the mobility was about 36.9 cm2Vâ1sâ1. The variation of physical parameters with Ta has been explained by taking into account the crystallite size and the presented values are discussed with relevance to solar cells.
ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Surfaces and Interfaces - Volume 10, March 2018, Pages 78-84
Journal: Surfaces and Interfaces - Volume 10, March 2018, Pages 78-84
نویسندگان
S.S. Hegde, A.G. Kunjomana, P. Murahari, B.K. Prasad, K. Ramesh,