A new IEEE Std 1459-2000—Compatible time-domain formulation for apparent power

This paper presents the development of new time-domain equations related to the definition of apparent power. These equations are compatible with the IEEE Std 1459-2000 Standard. When the application of these formulations involves an adequate quantity of samples, thus obeying the Nyquist Criterion, they can be utilized without restrictions regarding distortion, imbalance and asymmetry. Thus, they may be used in numeric meters for power measurements. In addition, unlike the above-mentioned standard, they do not oversimplify with respect to the phase and neutral resistance ratio or the percentage of delta-connected and wye-connected loads.This paper uses these formulations to present several illustrative examples regarding the apparent power definition. Simulated cases have confirmed that both approaches, American and European, lead to similar results, which differ only if the voltage homopolar component is present.