Energy management strategies for multi source systems

• This work has been devoted to energy management of hybrid electric vehicles.
• We improve the dynamic programming in order to have better results in terms of time and cost.
• We propose a method for power management in real time based on fuzzy rules.
• Methods proposed in this work carry the fuel cell to operate at its best efficiency point and provide near-optimal results and better than the consumption obtained by the DP.

Solving pollution problems is one of the century's challenges. Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) is expected to reduce significantly pollutants and consumption of fossil energy. This paper focuses on the energy management of the electric power of such HEV. The overall objective is not only satisfying the power demand for a requested mission with several energy sources but also reducing as much as possible the hydrogen consumption with optimal splitting between the various sources, and respecting the constraints of each energy and power elements. The biggest challenge of all works that focus on energy management is to develop laws working in real time. This work presents two new energy management methods. Firstly, an offline method named “Improved constraints in Dynamic Programming”, allowing having better performance than dynamic programming in terms of time computation and consumption cost is presented. Secondly, a real time energy management algorithm based on fuzzy rules controller and Fuzzy Switching of Fuzzy Rules in real time will be studied. This method takes into account the evolution of the state of charge of the storage element at any time and the results obtained show, if this strategy is applied on various profiles, the consumption is near-optimal.