Environmental sustainability and improvement options for agribiomass chains: Straw and turnip rape

The GHG emissions of both selected bioenergy sources were less than those of their fossil fuel references. Critical challenges for both studied agribiomass chains currently include eutrophication, soil organic matter decline and the use of non-renewable natural resources. The indicator values could be markedly improved by the selected improvement options, of which the most important is optimal yield. Better distributions of manure and soil fertility improvement (carbon stock and pH) were identified as the most important long-term goals for improving sustainability.