Surface treatment of TiO2 nanoparticles via sol-gel method: Effect of silane type on hydrophobicity of the nanoparticles

- TiO2 nanoparticles were treated with three different fluoroalkylsilane precursors.
- Nanoparticles were characterized via FTIR, TGA, XPS spectroscopy, and TEM technique.
- The adsorption mechanism for alkaline and acidic conditions was proposed.
- Type of fluoroalkylsilane and pH of the reaction media affect on TiO2 adsorption.