Modeling and random path-based direct encoding for a closed loop supply chain model with flexible delivery paths

Due to business and environmental issues, industrial players are under a pressure to take back the product after its use. Moreover, the significance of transportation cost and customer satisfaction spurs an interest to develop a flexible network design model. This paper proposes an integrated logistics network model with three kinds of delivering paths. Minimizing the total costs reveals a mixed integer linear program. As a solution methodology for the proposed NP hard problem, memetic algorithm is considered with a neighborhood search mechanism and a novelty in chromosome representation as one of the major issues can affect the performance of memetic algorithm.