Direct formation of p-type ZnO by using potassium hydroxide

In this study, p-type ZnO:K was successfully produced by potassium hydroxide using a sol-gel deposition process. The deposited ZnO:K samples were examined by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Hall-effect measurements, photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL) and Ultraviolet-visible ((UV-vis)) spectroscopy. It was found that the amount K-doping strongly affects the structure and optoelectronic properties of ZnO, with p-type conduction obtained in films doped between 2-5 at%.