Hybrid nanoparticle-based nicotine nanovaccines: Boosting the immunological efficacy by conjugation of potent carrier proteins

This work explores the impact of potent carrier proteins on the immunological efficacy of a nanoparticle-based nicotine vaccine. In vivo results suggested that the conjugation of different carrier proteins to the nanovaccine nanoparticles not only significantly affected the anti-nicotine antibody titers but also remarkably influenced the anti-carrier protein antibody levels. The nanovaccine with CRM197 or TT exhibited a better immunological efficacy than that with KLH multimer or subunit. The findings demonstrated the necessity of selecting appropriate carrier proteins in facilitating the immunogenicity of nanoparticle-based nicotine vaccines. The optimized nanoparticle-based nicotine nanovaccine is a promising candidate to treat nicotine addiction.240