Engineering macrophage-derived exosomes for targeted paclitaxel delivery to pulmonary metastases: in vitro and in vivo evaluations

Exosomes released by autologous macrophages were loaded with paclitaxel (PTX) and vectorized with anisamide-polyethylene glycol (AA-PEG) moiety to target the sigma receptor, which is overexpressed by lung cancer cells. The obtained formulation (AA-exoPTX) showed a high loading capacity and profound ability to accumulate in cancer cells upon systemic administration, and improved therapeutic outcomes.142