Explaining environmental behavior across borders: A meta-analysis

Understanding how determinants of environmental behavior vary across countries and national cultures is an urgent, understudied need. The current research applies meta-analysis to test within the theory of planned behavior (TPB) the moderating role of country (development) and national culture (individualism-collectivism) characteristics, using the most recent research (2004-2014), involving 66 articles from 28 countries. The results suggest that in developed and individualistic countries, intention to behave environmentally is more likely to translate to actual behavior, and that attitudes toward the environment are related to environmental intention. Also, in developed countries perceived behavioral control is partially related to environmental intention. Furthermore, the environmental context studied influences the results.