کد مقاله کد نشریه سال انتشار مقاله انگلیسی نسخه تمام متن
7274822 1473470 2016 18 صفحه PDF دانلود رایگان
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
The role of age and executive function in auditory category learning
ترجمه فارسی عنوان
نقش سن و عملکرد اجرایی در یادگیری گروه شنوایی
کلمات کلیدی
توسعه، یادگیری رده یادگیری مبتنی بر قانون عملکرد اجرایی، فرآیندهای ادراکی، آزمایش فرضیه،
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم انسانی و اجتماعی روانشناسی روانشناسی رشد و آموزشی
چکیده انگلیسی
Auditory categorization is a natural and adaptive process that allows for the organization of high-dimensional, continuous acoustic information into discrete representations. Studies in the visual domain have identified a rule-based learning system that learns and reasons via a hypothesis-testing process that requires working memory and executive attention. The rule-based learning system in vision shows a protracted development, reflecting the influence of maturing prefrontal function on visual categorization. The aim of the current study was twofold: (a) to examine the developmental trajectory of rule-based auditory category learning from childhood through adolescence and into early adulthood and (b) to examine the extent to which individual differences in rule-based category learning relate to individual differences in executive function. A sample of 60 participants with normal hearing-20 children (age range = 7-12 years), 21 adolescents (age range = 13-19 years), and 19 young adults (age range = 20-23 years)-learned to categorize novel dynamic “ripple” sounds using trial-by-trial feedback. The spectrotemporally modulated ripple sounds are considered the auditory equivalent of the well-studied “Gabor” patches in the visual domain. Results reveal that auditory categorization accuracy improved with age, with young adults outperforming children and adolescents. Computational modeling analyses indicated that the use of the task-optimal strategy (i.e., a conjunctive rule-based learning strategy) improved with age. Notably, individual differences in executive flexibility significantly predicted auditory category learning success. The current findings demonstrate a protracted development of rule-based auditory categorization. The results further suggest that executive flexibility coupled with perceptual processes play important roles in successful rule-based auditory category learning.
ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Journal of Experimental Child Psychology - Volume 142, February 2016, Pages 48-65
نویسندگان
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