Brain potentials for derivational morphology: An ERP study of deadjectival nominalizations in Spanish

► ERPs for violations of derivation elicited fronto-central N400 plus P600. ► Gender-agreement violations elicited a different ERP pattern: LAN plus P600. ► ERPs for derivation differ from both lexical-semantic and grammatical ERP effects. ► Processing of derived words includes word-level and morpheme-based processes.