Multiple probing-based microwave methods for highly sensitive measurement of nonelectrical quantities

Design principles of highly sensitive microwave measuring devices with waveguide/waveguide resonator sensors of nonelectrical quantities are proposed. These sensors contain passive microwave components for controlling propagation characteristics of guided microwaves. Such sensors are characterized by increased measurement accuracy and sensor sensitivity to measured parameters in comparison with prototypes without such components. Examples of schemes for separate single/multiple interaction of oppositely-directed electromagnetic waves with monitored objects in waveguide resonators are described. Applications of these principles for the design of various microwave measuring devices are considered.