Simulation for influence of train failure on railway traffic flow and research on train operation adjusting strategies using cellular automata

► The railway traffic flow is simulated when a train suddenly stops with malfunction. ► Other trains are delayed and go-and-stop wave is observed in railway traffic flow. ► Two ways are proposed to alleviate the harmful influence caused by train failure. ► Increase of train operation interval can decrease trains' delay. ► Decrease of maximum speed can reduce the go-and-stop wave.