Effect of gravity levels on the flow pattern modulation by the phase separation concept

• Mesh cylinder creates an annular region and a core region over tube cross section.
• A comprehensive parameter quantifies the heat transfer enhancement.
• Liquid film thickness is further reduced by decreasing the gravity forces.
• Bubbles in annular region are more densely populated by reducing gravity forces.
• Heat transfer enhancement is the most obvious at micro gravity.

Suspending a mesh cylinder in a tube modulates flow patterns with gas bubbles in the annular region to form thin liquid film on the wall. We investigate the effect of gravity levels on the modulated flow patterns. The volume of fluid (VOF) method simulates the slug bubble train flow in bare tube and modulated flow sections. The bubble population density along the flow direction (β) and averaged liquid film thickness (δα) synthesize a parameter β/δa to characterize the enhancement of phase change heat transfer. It is found that at the normal gravity on earth, counter-flow appears with fast upward flow in the annular region and downward liquid flow in the core region. A lower β due to sparsely populated bubbles and thin liquid film form a larger β/δa to enhance the phase change heat transfer. Convective heat transfer in liquid plugs is enhanced by the fast fluid movement in the annular region and liquid circulations at three length scales. At the miniature gravity, quasi-co-current flow happens with upward flows in both annular region and core region, except that a liquid layer inside mesh cylinder flows downward. Bubbles are more densely populated than those at the normal gravity. Liquid circulation occurs only at the bubble length scale. At the micro gravity, the two-phases are thoroughly separated with co-current flows in both annular region and core region. Gas flows slowly and the residence time of gas is increased to result in β = 1. Τhe liquid film is ultra-thin. These two factors create a significantly large β/δa to enhance the phase change heat transfer. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the phase separation concept at miniature and micro gravity environment.