Multiple firing coherence resonances in excitatory and inhibitory coupled neurons

The impact of inhibitory and excitatory synapses in delay-coupled Hodgkin–Huxley neurons that are driven by noise is studied. If both synaptic types are used for coupling, appropriately tuned delays in the inhibition feedback induce multiple firing coherence resonances at sufficiently strong coupling strengths, thus giving rise to tongues of coherency in the corresponding delay-strength parameter plane. If only inhibitory synapses are used, however, appropriately tuned delays also give rise to multiresonant responses, yet the successive delays warranting an optimal coherence of excitations obey different relations with regards to the inherent time scales of neuronal dynamics. This leads to denser coherence resonance patterns in the delay-strength parameter plane. The robustness of these findings to the introduction of delay in the excitatory feedback, to noise, and to the number of coupled neurons is examined. Mechanisms underlying our observations are revealed, and it is suggested that the regularity of spiking across neuronal networks can be optimized in an unexpectedly rich variety of ways, depending on the type of coupling and the duration of delays.

► Noise-enhanced precision of neuronal firing depends on the type of synaptic coupling and the duration of delays.
► Multiple tongues of coherency in the delay – coupling strength parameter plane.
► Resonant matching of the different time scales is twice as efficient in the absence of excitatory coupling.