In-situ X-ray diffraction studies of lithium-sulfur batteries

► Structural changes of lithium-sulfur batteries were studied by means of in-situ XRD. ► Dilithium sulfide was detected the first time at a depth of discharge of 60%. ► Sulfur recrystallizes with an orientated structure and lower crystallite size. ► Sulfur and dilithium sulfide were semi-quantitatively determined.