Effect of vanadium redox species on photoelectrochemical behavior of TiO2 and TiO2/WO3 photo-electrodes

► Vanadium redox species was ultilized to inhibit electron-hole recombination to enhance photocatalysis. ► Photocharge/discharge process compromises/rejuvenates photocatalysis of hybrid electrode respectively. ► The mechanism of photocharge/discharge of hybrid electrode was proposed.