In situ study of topography, phase and volume changes of titanium dioxide anode in all-solid-state thin film lithium-ion battery by biased scanning probe microscopy

► We utilize biased scanning probe microscopy technique to have in situ characterization. ► We study the in situ changes of the surface morphology, phases and volume of an all solid-state thin film Li-ion battery under reversible electric field. ► We study the mechanisms of ionic transport and diffusion preferred paths in real all solid-state Li-ion battery.