Sintering effect on electrical properties of Li2TiO3

We present in this article, the latest development in electrical properties of lithium titanate (Li2TiO3) with different sintering (800 °C, 900 °C and 1000 °C), which were prepared by high-energy ball milling technique. The transformation of β(monoclinic) → γ(cubic) phase, average crystallite size and lattice strain of Li2TiO3 ceramic at various temperatures are evaluated by X-ray diffraction patterns. The electrical properties are characterized by ac impedance spectroscopy and the experimental results show low activation energy (Ea) and high ac conductivity in the range of 10− 3 Scm− 1for all samples at 1 MHz frequency. The Ea value, with respect to ac conductivity at 10 kHz frequency, is approximately equal to the Ea value of relaxation time (τ). The surface microstructure analysis of all sintered samples were characterized by SEM, and good crystalline nature was observed at the 1000 °C sintered sample. The temperature dependence of ac conductivity distinctly indicates the negative temperature coefficient of resistance (NTCR) behavior. Conductivity mechanisms were interpreted by the frequency exponents (n1, n2) evaluated with the double power law followed by the Arrhenius relation.