CS effect and characteristic emission on silicon nanostructures prepared in various atmospheres

The curved surface (CS) effect breaks symmetrical shape of nanosilicon on which some bonds can produce localized electron states in band gap. The different curvature can form the characteristic electron states for some special bonding on nanosilicon surface, which are related to a series peaks in photoluminecience (PL), such as LN, LNO, LO1 and LO2 line in PL spectra due to Si-N, Si-NO, Si=O and Si-O-Si bond on curved surface, respectively. Si-Yb bond on curved surface of Si nanostructures can manipulate the emission wavelength into the window of optical communication by the CS effect, which is marked as LYb line.