An improved magnetic model for thermodynamic modeling

▸ The standard magnetic model in the state-of-the-art CALPHAD approach is improved. ▸ The concept of effective magnetic moment is introduced as a measure of maximum magnetic entropy. ▸ The low temperature CALPHAD method calls for meticulous investigation of magnetic phase diagrams. ▸ A case study on the Al-Cr-Fe system demonstrates the importance of magnetic phase diagrams.