A constitutive model for sand liquefaction under continuous rotation of principal stress axes

Experimental studies describe the tendency of sand to liquefy when subjected to continuous rotation of principal stress axes (CRPSA). This paper suggests modifications to the Pastor–Zienkiewicz–Chan generalized plasticity model so that the effect of CRPSA on sand liquefaction is simulated. The model simulative capability is demonstrated by comparison with experimental data of sand response subjected to CRPSA.