TiC-coated carbon particles as bioactive substrates for inducing of mineralization in bone healing

Bioactive substrate of particles is an attractive choice for enhancing mineralization in bone healing. TiC-coated carbon particles (TCBs) were prepared via molten salt synthesis. The phase composition, and core-shell structure of TCBs were characterized by XRD, SEM, and TEM. TCBs with different amounts were tested for cell viability. Mineralization was evaluated with ALP activity along with calcium deposition. XRD curves showed that only TiC and carbon phases were observed on the samples. Coating shells of TiC on the carbon cores were clearly seen. In terms of biological functions, TCBs could significantly induce cell viability, ALP activity, and calcium deposition, showing potential applications in bone healing.