Nitrogen doped activated carbon/graphene with high nitrogen level: Green synthesis and thermo-electrical properties of its nanofluid

We have synthesized a nitrogen doped activated hybrid material containing carbon derived from empty fruit bunch (EFB) pulp as a waste material, and graphene oxide (GO) by using KOH and urea via one step thermal treatment at 800 °C. The results show an excellent attachment of GO to the carbon matrix with a spongy-like structure of final product (NACG), possessing the high surface area (2261.2 m2/g) and high nitrogen content (11.53%). A significant enhancement in thermal conductivity (10.16%) as well as in electrical conductivity (11433%) of dispersed NACG in the ethylene glycol (EG) confirms its potential application towards nanofluids.