Ordered manufactured bacterial cellulose as biomaterial of tissue engineering

Bacterial cellulose (BC) is one of the best nanosized fibrous materials produced by Acetobacter xylinum in nature. Every bacteria secretes one cellulose fibril, which pushes bacteria forward and leads to cellulose aggradation and bacterial movement in a straight line. Usually, A. xylinum moves randomly in all directions and BC in irregular network is formed when it is cultured in static liquid medium. In this paper, a new engineering process based on advanced biomanufacturing technique to prepare ordered BC was put forward. Microgroove molds of agarose were prepared. The movement of A. xylinum in microgroove was restricted by oxygen and the groove. BC of grid and strip structure could be obtained after precise control of culture. This work can set the foundation for BC to be used as tissue engineering scaffold in repair of nerve, skeleton and hamstring.