Optical waveguide properties of Ca0.4Ba0.6Nb2O6 crystal formed by oxygen ion irradiation

We report the fabrication of a planar optical waveguide in a Ca0.4Ba0.6Nb2O6 crystal by irradiation with 6.0 MeV oxygen ions. We measured the guiding mode by the prism-coupling method at 633 nm and 1539 nm. The near-field intensity distributions were measured by the end-face coupling setup at a wavelength of 633 nm. The reflectivity calculation method (RCM) was used for reconstructing refractive index profiles. SRIM was used to simulate the electronic and nuclear stopping power caused by oxygen ion irradiation, and the finite-difference beam propagation method (FD-BPM) was used to simulate the near-field intensity distributions. Micro-Raman spectra were measured at room temperature in air to study the differences between the substrate and waveguide region.