More efficient integrated safeguards by applying a reasonable detection probability for maintaining low presence probability of undetected nuclear proliferating activities

- A theoretical foundation is presented for more efficient Integrated Safeguards (IS).
- Probability of undetected nuclear proliferation activities should be maintained low.
- For nations under IS, the probability to start proliferation activities is very low.
- The fact can decrease the detection probability of IS by dozens of percentage points.
- The cost of IS per nation can be cut down by reducing inspection frequencies etc.