Expander selection for an on board ORC energy recovery system

This paper deals with the comparison between volumetric expanders (screw, scroll and rotary vane) and an Inlet Forward Radial (IFR) micro turbine for the exploitation of an on board Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) energy recovery system. The sensible heat recovered from a common bus engine (typically 8000 cc) feeds the energy recovery system that can generate sufficient extra power to sustain the air-conditioning system and part of the auxiliaries. The concept is suitable for all kind of thermally propelled vehicles, but the application considered here is specific for an urban bus. The ORC cycle performance is calculated by a Process Simulator (CAMEL Pro) and the results are discussed. A preliminary design of the considered expanders is proposed using ad-hoc made models implemented in MATLAB; the technical constraints inherent to each machine are listed in order to perform the optimal choice of the expander based on efficiency, reliability and power density. Last step will be the selection of the expander that suites the specific technical and design requests. The final choice relapsed on the screw motor, for it is the best compromise in terms of efficiency, lubrication and reliability.