Adequacy modeling and evaluation of multi-carrier energy systems to supply energy services from different infrastructures

Development of MCESs (Multi-Carrier Energy Systems) can make the energy supply more reliable and efficient. Due to the redundancy potential of these systems, in case of an energy carrier interruption, consumers may be able to supply part of their loads from other energy infrastructures. This paper presents an approach for evaluating the adequacy of MCESs considering the dependencies of energy carriers at both generation side and demand side. To model the adequacy of generation systems supplying different forms of energy, a new methodology is presented, which considers the limitation of primary resources and takes into account the COPTs (Capacity Outage Probability Tables) of different energy infrastructure components. The model incorporates the impact of load dependencies at the demand side. A new focus is set up, by considering the outputs as services that can be provided through different types of energy supply. Illustrative results are presented to show the application of the proposed models to multi-energy systems.