Design of Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems with Battery/Hydrogen storage considering practical power losses: A MEPoPA (Modified Extended-Power Pinch Analysis)

EPoPA (Extended-Power Pinch Analysis) is a technique to integrate Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems with Battery/Hydrogen storage. Power losses of the storage components due to their inefficiency have not been considered in EPoPA as of yet. This study proposes the MEPoPA (Modified Extended-Power Pinch Analysis) to modify EPoPA to consider the power losses in Hydrogen Storage System components. The MEPoCC (Modified Extended-Power Composite Curve) and MEPoSCT (Modified Extended-Power Storage Cascade Table) are introduced as the MEPoPA graphical and numerical tools to determine the minimum targets of Required External AC (Alternating-Current) and DC (Direct-Current) Electricity Sources as well as the Hydrogen Storage System component sizes. The sensitivity analysis is conducted to investigate the effect of various Hydrogen Storage System components, such as the inverter, converters, Fuel Cell, Electrolyzer and rectifier efficiencies, on the Hydrogen Tank Electricity Capacity and the Required External AC and DC Electricity Sources. The graphical and numerical results of the MEPoPA obtained from a case study showed that the system designed by MEPoPA requires 62.19% more outsourced electricity than the system designed by EPoPA. This means that the integration potential of the Renewable Energy System with Battery/Hydrogen storage is decreased with an increase in the power losses of the storage system.