Combinations of Ulva and periphyton as biofilters for both ammonia and nitrate in mariculture fishpond effluents

By removing up to 76% of the total nitrogen, with specific removal efficiency of 97% of the TAN and of 67% of the NO3-N, the novel dual Ulva-periphyton biofilter revealed a synergistic potential in treatment of nutrient-rich mariculture effluents.