Synthesis and upscaling of perovskite Mn-based oxygen carrier by industrial spray drying route

Different Mn ores and oxides were selected to study the effect of the used Mn source on the oxygen carrier performance. Particles suitable for chemical looping were made based on diverse Mn sources with different Mn oxidation states. The performance of the oxygen carrier was found to be heavily impacted by impurities in the raw materials. The best performing Mn oxide was selected for up-scaling and each step of the spray drying process was optimized at large scale. The thermal treatment of the particles at tonne scale remains a challenge, but particles with a good mechanical strength, sphericity and sufficient reactivity for methane were manufactured.