Intracellular polyhydroxyalkanoates recovery by cleaner halogen-free methods towards zero emission in the palm oil mill

► Comparison of two halogen-free methods: NaOH and water, for PHA recovery. ► Bacterial type and cell PHA content affected the recovery process. ► Proposal of integration system for PHA production and recovery at palm oil mill. ► Biorefinery benefits mill owners, local people, government and the environment. ► Proposed system promotes 3P's concept for sustainable business and profitable growth.