Dynamic and multidimensional measurement of product-service system (PSS) sustainability: a triple bottom line (TBL)-based system dynamics approach

► Measuring PSS sustainability requires a dynamic and multidimensional approach. ► Triple bottom line (TBL) encompasses the multidimensionality of PSS sustainability. ► System dynamics (SD) covers the dynamics of PSS sustainability. ► Each of SD and TBL plays a complementary role in the combined usage. ► The case study of public bicycle system illustrates the working of proposed approach.