Effect of carboxymethylation on physicochemical, micromeritics and release characteristics of Kyllinga nemoralis starch

Lesser usages of native starch has attracted attention in the modification of starch to incorporate its benefits for pharmaceutical application. A work has been carried out to study the influence of carboxymethylation on the morphological, physico-chemical, powder, spectroscopical and drug discharge characteristics of native starch. Various amount of monochloroacetic acid was used to study the influence of degree of substitution (DS) on the diverse characteristics of modified starch. Amylose content was found to be reduced with the increase in degree of substitution. An enhanced degree of structure deformation was observed with the increment in the DS by the help of scanning electron micrographs. The FT-IR spectra established the polysaccharide nature and the carboxymethylation of the chemically modified starch molecules through the new bands at 1602 cm−1, and 1418.69 cm−1. The stability of carboxymethyl starches pertaining to the temperature has been revealed by thermogravimetric analysis. Micromeritics of carboxymethylated starches shows their effectiveness as excipients in tablet formulation. The delayed % release of the drug, with the rise in degree of substitution from the tablets prepared marks that the carboxymethyl derivatives of Kyllinga nemoralis rhizomes starch may be used as a suitable source of excipient for sustained release formulations.