Lymphovascular invasion as a prognostic factor in the upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Our meta-analysis showed that LVI is predictive of mortality in UTUC. However, these findings should be interpreted with caution due to the heterogeneity in the series. These results need to be further confirmed by an adequately designed prospective study to provide a better conclusion on the relationship between LVI and the outcome of patients with UTUC.