Investigation of uniaxial anisotropic chiral metamaterial waveguide with perfect electromagnetic conductor loading

The paper presents investigations of the electromagnetic characteristics of circular waveguides made of uniaxial anisotropic chiral medium; the outer surface of the guide being coated with a PEMC (perfect electromagnetic conductor) medium. The emphasis is given on the energy flux density patterns of such guides with varieties of anisotropic chiral materials. Dispersion relation of the guide is developed, and followed by the evaluation of sustained modes, which determine the energy flux density patterns corresponding to different low-order hybrid modes. The flux density characteristics provide the evidence of existing backward waves in uniaxial anisotropic mediums, contributing more to the phenomenon of slow light in chiral metamaterials.