A comparison of lower limb muscle activation pattern using voluntary response index between pronated and normal foot structures during forward jump landing

The altered pattern of lower limb muscle activation identified in the pronated foot during landing may be attributed to the different activation involving VL, VM, MG and ST muscles. Adaptations to the biomechanical effects, due to the pronated foot causing altered activation of VL, VM, MG, and ST muscles, results in an altered pattern of muscle activation. This change in activation pattern may harm the effectiveness of movement control processes; and might also predispose individuals with pronated feet, to injuries. It seems that an altered motor strategy with the aim of minimizing biomechanical changes, predisposes individuals to injuries. However, further large scale studies are needed to support the findings of the present study.