Second Primary Malignancies in Cancer Survivors

Advances in early detection and treatment of cancer have resulted in a growing population of cancer survivors across the United States. Cancer survivors may be at increased risk for the development of a second primary malignancy as a result of environmental factors, genetic predisposition, or as a late effect of the cancer treatment they received. This review examines the risk for second primary malignancy and necessary screening in the six cancers with the highest 5-year survival rates, including: breast cancer, Hodgkin's lymphoma, melanoma, prostate, testicular, and thyroid cancer.