Déficits en micronutriments dans le surpoids et l'obésité : conséquences métaboliques et cliniques

Due to deleterious dietary habits, micronutrient deficiencies occur frequently in overweight or obesity. These deficiencies are involved in obesity-induced metabolic alterations such as insulinresistance (zinc, selenium, chromium, vitamin C, vitamin D), inflammation (zinc, selenium, iron, vitamin D), oxidative stress (zinc, selenium, vitamin C, vitamin E, carotenoids) while vitamin B, vitamin D and iron deficiencies result in decreased energetic rate and vitamin B9 and B12 low status in altered methyl cycle. Consequently, the risk of diabetes type 2, cardiovascular or inflammatory or neurodegenerative diseases is increased. To identify and take in charge micronutrient deficiencies in obese or overweight patients should be systematic despite the lack of specific nutritional recommendations for obese individuals who represent an increasing segment of the general population, with a special focus on bariatric surgery candidates.