Cytokines are early diagnostic biomarkers of graft-versus-host disease in liver recipients

IL-2, IL-18 and IFN-γ were from liver and might serve as biomarkers for monitoring GVHD development and the effects of anti-GVHD treatment. Granzyme B and perforin may play a role in increasing IL-2, IL-18, and IFN-γ levels in GVHD patients.