Xpert MTB/RIF assay for the diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Rifampicin resistance in high Human Immunodeficiency Virus setting in Gambella regional state, southwest Ethiopia

The study confirms the high prevalence of TB, RIF resistance and TB/HIV co-infection among the study participants. Age, sex, and HIV status of the study participants were predictor factors for MTB detection while HIV status was associated with RIF resistance. Therefore, the results of the study indicate that there is the need for collaborative and intensified prevention of TB and HIV in the study area. The ongoing supervision and mentoring to improve the performance of Xpert in the institution need to be promoted.