Prognostic markers in HIV mono-and co-infected individuals: A study from Karachi-Pakistan

This study documents the prognostic value of hemoglobin assessment in HIV patients. The results indicate that decreasing Hb levels correlate with decreasing CD4 counts. It is emphasizing that Hb measurement may be used as an inexpensive surrogate marker as compared to CD4 analysis for disease progression in HIV patients. In addition, low Hb levels may also indicate presence of under lying co-infections, particularly, with M. tuberculosis (MTB).