Avances en radio oncología de tumores urologicos

Radiation therapy has experienced significant advances during the last decade, resulting in improved control of urologic cancer and decrease in radiation toxicity. The advances have been possible due to the multidisciplinary teamwork and the development of new technologies. Advances in virtual 3D treatment planning, allows the radiation oncologist to define with precision de volumes occupied by cancer and protect the normal tissue. The incorporation of IMRT, intensity modulated radiotherapy and VMAT, volumetric modulated arc therapy, allows excellent precision to treat the target volume and protect the normal organs. The better dose distribution complements advances in treatment localization with the development of IGRT, image guided radiotherapy. Brachytherapy has also experienced significant advances with 3D treatment planning systems, imaging to determine treatment volumes and brachytherapy source positioning. The present paper describes the application of these advances to urologic cancer.