Enhanced osteogenic differentiation of stem cells via microfluidics synthesized nanoparticles

Advancement of bone tissue engineering as an alternative for bone regeneration has attracted significant interest due to its potential in reducing the costs and surgical trauma affiliated with the effective treatment of bone defects. We have improved the conventional approach of producing polymeric nanoparticles, as one of the most promising choices for drug delivery systems, using a microfluidics platform, thus further improving our control over osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. Molecular dynamics simulations were carried out for theoretical understanding of our experiments in order to get a more detailed molecular-scale insight into the drug–carrier interactions. In this work, with the sustained intracellular delivery of dexamethasone from microfluidics-synthesized nanoparticles, we explored the effects of particle design on controlling stem cell fates. We believe that the insights learned from this work will lead to the discovery of new strategies to tune differentiation for in situ differentiation or stem cell therapeutics.From the Clinical EditorThe use of mesenchymal stem cells has been described by many researchers as a novel therapy for bone regeneration. One major hurdle in this approach is the control of osteogenic differentiation. In this article, the authors described elegantly their microfluidic system in which dexamethasone loaded nanoparticles were produced. This system would allow precise fabrication of nanoparticles and consequently higher efficiency in cellular differentiation.

Graphical AbstractHere we propose a microfluidics platform to produce polymeric nanoparticles (NPs). These NPs sustainably release dexamethasone (Dex) molecules. Molecular dynamics simulation is applied to study the interaction of the drug with the Chitosan biopolymer. By tuning the NPs’ properties we can tune cellular uptake and intracellular delivery of Dex. Controlled release of Dex regulates osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells.Figure optionsDownload high-quality image (143 K)Download as PowerPoint slide